Aftab Anwar Baloch The Track and Trace System (TTS) has emerged globally as a highly effective mechanism to combat illicit trade, enhance tax compliance, and strengthen regulatory oversight across high-risk sectors. By enabling real-time monitoring of production, distribution, and sales through secure digital traceability and…
Rabia Mustafa Legal text types are closely linked to the concept of genre, which is crucial for understanding legal language. Genre allows legal documents to perform specific legal acts rather than simply describe intentions or events. In other words, legal texts often create legal effects,…
Rabia Mustafa Legal language represents one of the most prominent intersections between language and law. It refers to the distinctive way language is used in legal contexts, which many consider a recognizable linguistic variety separate from other forms of communication such as medical discourse, journalism,…
Aftab Anwar Baloch Although Pakistan is still grappling with the nationwide rollout and effective enforcement of its tax stamp and production monitoring system – introduced in 2021 on tobacco products, sugar, cement and fertiliser – the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) has now turned its…
Sharafat Ali & Rabia Mustafa For nearly two decades, children accused of offences in Pakistan were processed under the Juvenile Justice System Ordinance, 2000. The Ordinance marked an important beginning. It introduced the idea that children in conflict with the law required a separate legal…
Aftab Anwar Baloch The integrity of a nation’s currency is central to economic stability, public confidence, and the effective transmission of monetary policy. In Pakistan, responsibility for printing and securing banknotes rests with the Pakistan Security Printing Corporation (PSPC), an institution that has undergone significant…
Taimoor Raza Sultan & Rabia Sohail Paracha Where a public‑interest regulation lawfully remains in force, should investors nonetheless be compensated for the portion of their legitimate expectations that the regulation frustrates, and if so, on what legal and evidentiary basis? I. From Expropriation to Regulatory…
Zarmina Khan Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is often described as a crime involving harmful acts carried out against individuals based on their gender. It is a serious human rights issue and a major public health and social problem that affects individuals, families, and communities. However, GBV…
Aftab Anwar Baloch Tax evasion remains one of Pakistan’s most critical economic challenges, eroding the fiscal foundation on which sustainable development depends. It is a core reason behind our persistently low tax-to-GDP ratio, which hovers around 10.5% one of the lowest in the region (Revenue…
Sharafat Ali Chaudhry The Twenty-Seventh Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan passed by the Senate on 10 November 2025 and passed by the National Assembly on 12 November 2025 with only a few minor amendments, marks one of the most sweeping constitutional overhauls in decades.…